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Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ku kigo cyabugenewe cya Cape Canaveral muri Florida, hahagurukiye icyogajuru Atlas 5 cyatwaye Imashini igenda ku butaka yoherejwe ku mubumbe wa Mars Kuri uyu wa kane.
Ubu nibwo butumwa (mission) bwa mbere bw’ikigo National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Nasa) bwoherejwe kuri Mars gushaka gusa ibimenyetso by’ubuzima kuri uyu mubumbe beshi bita utukura, ukaba umubumbe wa kane uturutse ku Isi..Abahanga bavuga ko mu myaka miliyari ya mbere kuri uyu mubumbe hahoze amazi.
Iyi mashini yoherejwe yiswe ‘Perseverance’ yoherejwe gukora umwuka iwuvanye muri ‘carbon dioxide’ mu kirere cya Mars, ikindi izakora ni uko izagurutsa ‘drone’ iteye nka kajugujugu iziritse kunda yayo. Impamvu yibi ni uko Abahanga barashaka no kugerageza kugurutsa ikintu kuri uyu mubumbe.
Gusa biravugwa ko iyo ‘drone’ ipima 1.8kg abahanga bavuga ko kuguruka bitazayorohera ikirere cyo kuri Mars cyorohereye (kitarimo hydrogen) inshuro zirenga 100 icyo ku isi. Ubu ni ubutumwa bwa mbere na none bwagutse bugamije kuzana hano ku isi amabuye n’ubutaka bwo kuri Mars.
Icyogajuru cyahagurutse uyu munsi kijyanye iki kinyabiziga kiragenda mu nzira isanzwe iganayo aho kigenda gita ibice uko kigera kure cyane, kugeza kijugunye iki kinyabiziga – kiri mu mutwe w’icyogajuru – mu kirere cya Mars.
Umutwe w’icyogajuru gitwaye iki kinyabiziga uzagera aho ugenda ku muvuduko wa 41,000km/h, biteganyijwe ko uzagera mu kirere cya Mars tariki 18 z’ukwezi kwa kabiri umwaka utaha wa 2021. Nasa ivuga ko bizaba ari saa mbiri z’ijoro ku isaha ngengamasaha
Abahanga bijyanye na siyansi bakomeza gushakisha ibimenyetso byerekana ko ubuzima kuri Mars bushoboka, kuko byahindura imibereho y’abantu bo ku isi mu gihe kizaza.
Niba kuri Mars harabaye ibinyabuzima, ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara mu bitare biri mu mukoki munini cyane wiswe Jezero, byemejwe ko wahoze ari ikiyaga mu myaka miliyari 3.5 ishize, cyangwa irenze.
Gusa mu 1965 ubwo icyogajuru Mariner 4 cy’Abanyamerika cyagurukaga hafi ya Mars cyazanye amafoto y’ahantu h’ibitare byumagaye, hagaragara nk’ahatari ubuzima na busa.
Mu 1975 ibyogajuru bibiri bya Nasa byitwa Viking byageze kuri Mars bibona ibimenyetso bya za mikorobe (utunyabuzima dutoya cyane) ku butaka bwa Mars.
Kizafata amabuye n’ubutaka kibike muri ibi bikoresho kizagarukana
Aho iki cyogajuru cyahagurukiye muri leta ya Florida hafi.
