Umurenge SACCO ni gahunda ya Leta igamije kuzamura imibereho byiza y’abaturage mu Rwanda binyuze mu kwizigamira, igitekerezo cy’Amakoperative yo kuzigama no kuguriza (Umurenge SACCOs) gishingiye ku kumva ko ama banki n’ibindi bigo by’imari byibandaga cyane mu mijyi mu gihe umubare munini w’abatuge b’u Rwanda baba mu cyaro kandi batabasha kugera ku bigo by’imari nk’uko byagaragajwe n’ubushakashatsi bwa Minisiteri y’Imari n’Igenamigambi.
Umurenge SACCOs zashinzwe mu mwaka wa 2008 hagamijwe kuzamura ubwizigame bwo mu cyaro no guha Abanyarwanda inguzanyo ziciriritse hagamijwe kugira ngo Abanyarwanda bikure mu bukene nka kimwe mubigize gahunda za Guverinoma y‘imyaka 7 NST1 (National Strategy Transformation, for 7 years phase one from 2017-2024) bityo biteze imbere kandi bizamure imibereho myiza yabo ndetse n’ubukungu bw’igihugu muri rusange.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Fin Scope 2008 na 2012 bwerekanye ko mu 2008, Abanyarwanda bagera kuri 21% bafite imyaka 18 cyangwa irenga, bari bamaze kumenya gukoresha ibigo by’imari bibegereye. Mu myaka itatu yakurikiyeho Umurenge SACCOs, abantu bari bamaze kugiramo Konti bikubye inshuro 5 kandi byazamuye imibereho yabo.
Kuva uru rwego rwajyaho, kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye rwahuye nabyo, ni ikibazo cy’amikoro make haba mu mari no mu bikorwa remezo. Aha Leta yakoze uko ishoboye itanga ubufasha butandukanye cyane cyane ubushake bwa Politiki mu gushyiraho ingamba z’imicungire y’ibi bigo by’imari.
Kimwe n’ibindi bibazo byose, Koperative Umurenge SACCO’s, zikomeza guhangana nabyo ntibizibuze kwiyubaka kuko kugeza ubu zari zimaze kuba ubukombe hari bimwe mu bibazo byakemutse nko kubona inzu zo gukoreramo n’ibindi biri mu mishinga igiye gutangiza nko kwinjira mu buryo bwo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga nkuko biteganijwe muri gahunda ya Guverinoma y’imyaka irindwi (NST1).
Umurenge SACCOs muri iki gihe cya Coronavirus.
Muri iki gihe isi yugarijwe n’icyorezo cya covid-19 n’ u Rwanda by’ umwihariko, kuva ku wa 14 Werurwe 2020 aribwo hagaragaye umuntu wa mbere ugaragaweho ko yanduye iki cyorezo, kugeza uyu munsi u Rwanda rukaba rufite abantu 144 bamaze kucyandura ukuyemo 69 bakize.
Ni igikorwa cy’indashyikirwa ku Rwanda rukesha ingamba rwafashe ku ikubitiro rukimara kubona intera icyorezo cya COVID-19 cyari kimaze gufata ku isi, u Rwanda kandi rumaze kubona ubukana bw’iki cyorezo aho cyari gitangiye kwivuna abatari bake mu bindi bihugu, rwongereye ingamba ndetse n’imbaraga mu gukumira ikwirakwira ry’icyo cyorezo.
Nibwo ku wa 21 Werurwe 2020 hashyizweho ingamba z’ibihe bidasanzwe kandi zigomba kubahirizwa mu gihe cy’ibyumweru bibiriri (2) bishobora kongerwa aho kugeza ubu bimaze kongerwa inshuro ebyiri.
Mu ngamba zafashwe iya mbere ivuga ko ingendo zitari ngombwa zibujijwe kandi gusohoka mu rugo nta mpamvu zihutirwa kandi zemewe bitemewe cyereka abajya gutanga no gushaka serivisi z’ingenzi nko kwivuza, guhaha, serivisi za banki n’izindi serivise nke zibanze.
N’ubwo serivisi za banki zakomeje imirimo ariko birumvikana imirimo yakorwaga yagombaga kugabanuka kugera ku kigero cyo hasi cyane by’umwihariko ku bigo by’imari biciriritse ugereranije na za banki y’ubucuruzi.
Tuvuze ku Umurenge SACCO, tuzi neza ko izi koperative zibona inyungu binyuze mu banyamuryango bazo muri servise zishyurwa hamwe n’inguzanyo zitanga zikishyurwa hiyongereyeho n’inyungu.
Muri iki gihe rero, birumvikana ko hari abanyamuryango bahawe inguzanyo bakazishora mu mishinga itandukanye ibyara inyungu, ariko kugeza ubu iyo mishinga imwe muri yo yarahagaze kubera amabwiriza yashizweho yo kwirinda ikwirakwira rya covid-19, bisonanuye ko muri iki gihe batabasha kwishyura inguzanyo bafashe binagendanye n’itangazo Bank Nkuru y’Igihugu (BNR) yasohoye ku wa 18 Werurwe 2020, rivuga ko hafashwe ingamba zirimo kwemerera ama banki kongera igihe cyo kwishyura umwenda (inguzanyo), ni mu gihe ba nyiri imishinga bavuga ko yamaze guhomba bitewe n’ingaruka za covid-19.
Byamaze kugaragara ko imirimo ikorwa n’abanyamuryango ari ukubikuza amafaranga bafite muri SACCOs gusa, kugira ngo bajye kuyifashisha muri ibi bihe abantu batemerewe kuva mu rugo, ndetse umuntu ntiyatinya no kuvuga ko banabikuza bagamije kuyibikira mu rugo mu rwego rwo kwirinda guhora mu nzira bashobora no guhuriramo n’ibyago byo kwandura icyorezo.
Iyi ni imbogamizi ikomeye kuko nyuma y’iki cyorerezo bigaragara ko abafite inguzanyo batazahita babona ubushobozi bwo kwishyura, SACCOs nazo hari ibyo zitabasha kwikemurira ku isonga guhemba abakozi zikoresha n’ibindi byangombya nkenerwa, bisobanuye ko mu gihe hatabonetse uburyo bwo gukuramo iki gihombo zafunga imiryango.
Koperative Umurenge SACCO ziratabaza, ni inde ufite inshingano zo gufasha izi koperative kwikura mu gihombo?
Nk’ uko twatangiye tubivuga ko Koperative Umurenge SACCO zashyiriweho gufasha abaturage, guhabwa amahirwe yo kubona amafaranga yo kwikura mu bukene, kwiteza imbere binyuze muri gahunda za Leta, kuko umubare munini w’abatuye mu cyaro byari bigoranye gushyikirana no gukorana n’ibigo by’imari.
Nk’uko biri mu ntego za Guverinoma y’u Rwanda, n’ubwo nyuma y’icyorezo ubukungu buzaba bwarahungabanye muri rusange, by’umwihariko uru rwego rwa za koperative hari hakwiye ko habaho uburyo bwo kuziba icyuho gikomoka ku ngaruka za COVID-19 cyane ko SACCOs ari koperative zashyizweho na Leta binyuze muri Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu (BNR).
Nta gushidikanya ubu butabazi butabonetse mu maguru mashya izi koperative zafunga imiryango na wa muturage akarushaho gusubira inyuma cyane ko intego zari zashyiriweho ari iyo kuzamura imibereho myiza y’umuturage, akabona iterambere rirambye binyuze muri gahunda ya Guverinoma NST1 (National Strategy Transformation, for 7 years Phase one).
